The Nipah Virus

What is the Nipah virus?

The Nipah virus is a zoonotic virus, which means it can be transmitted from animals to humans, such as fruit bats or pigs.The Nipah virus was first discovered in 1998 in Malaysia.

 

In 1988, a group infection occurred among Malaysian pig farmers who work closely with pigs. After that, infected persons were reported in Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Philippines and Singapore.

What are the symptoms?

The symptoms include fever and involvement of the brain (such as headache) or the lungs. The incubation period ranges from 3 to 14 days, although some cases have been reported with incubation periods of up to 45 days. Some people may experience brain swelling, or encephalitis. Severe symptoms can include confusion, drowsiness, and seizures. People with these symptoms can fall into a coma within 24-48 hours. And the death rate is estimated to be between 40% and 75%.

Why is it a recent issue?

Recently, two people have been infected with Nipah virus. As a result, Suvarnabhumi Airport has begun checking all passengers’ packages. In China, there is a large travel period called Chūnyùn, during which many people travel to other countries. Because this season involves massive movement of people, authorities are worried about the spread of the Nipah virus. The Nipah virus can be transmitted between humans, and there is currently no vaccine or specific treatment for the virus.